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Building Molecules from Atoms |
Association - two concepts with an unnamed link between them; two concepts connected by a generic link such as is related to.
Bidirectional - a characteristic of relations between two concepts, in that they can be expressed in the two opposing directions, from Concept A to concept B and vice versa, and often require different names in each direction (as in 'Mary has parent John / John parent of Mary').
Capillary Action - the drawing of a substance along an adherent surface, like water along a glass tube, despite the force of gravity.
Category - a grouping, class, or set of objects that have certain features in common; defined by prototypical members; categories often have a complex structure ranging from most prototypical to least prototypical members.
Chemical Reaction - the event resulting from the mixing of different substances.
Classification - the systematic grouping of organisms into categories based upon shared characteristics or traits; organized into hierarchies with largest groups at the top and smaller subdivisions below; classes inherit traits from highest categories to lowest; a system for organizing, interpreting, and learning about organisms; based on many lines of evidence including morphology, anatomy, embryology, DNA patterns, etc.
Cohesion - the characteristic of identically structured molecules to stick to each other.
Dissolve - the process by which atoms of a molecule dissociate into ions after being placed in a solvent.
Electronegativity - the characteristic of an atom to take up electrons from another atom in an attempt to fill its outer shell.
Hydrogen Bond - a special type of intermolecular interaction whereby the hydrogen of one molecule is attracted to the oxygen, nitrogen, or flourine of another molecule (if the molecule is large enough to fold on itself, this attraction can be between the hydrogen of one molecule and an oxygen, nitrogen or flourine of the same molecule). This interaction will increase the overall stability of the substance or molecule.
Instance - two concepts linked by a bidirectional named relation, as in dog has part tail / tail part of dog (our style is to underline concepts and show relations in italics).
Ionic Bond - a linking together of atoms in such a fashion that one atom gives.
Macromolecules - large single chemical entities such as pieces of DNA or RNA.
Molecules - an entity of two or more atoms.
Organic Molecules - carbon containing substances.
Partial Negative Charge - the resulting characterisitc of a specific part of a molecule which has the tendency to take away electrons from other parts of the molecule. In water, for example, the electrons of the hydrogen atoms will spend more time orbiting the oxygen atom. This leaves oxygen with a partial negative charge.
Partial Positive Charge - the resulting characteristic of a specific part of a molecule which has the tendency to give away electrons to other parts of the molecule. In water, for example, the electrons of the hydrogen atoms will spend more time orbiting the oxygen atom. This leaves hydrogen with a partial positive charge.
Relation - a word or phrase that describes a way in which two concepts are inter-related; usually described by a verb or verb phrase.
Solution - any solvent to which solute has been added. For example, a salt solution may consist of table salt (solute) and water (solvent).
Specific Heat - the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1.0 grams of a substance by 1.0 degree Celsius.
Substances - a large group of identically structured molecules.
